Colosseum is a historical relic in the form of a large theater / amphitheater which is one of the "Seven Wonders of the Medieval World." Located in the State Capital of Italy, Rome, whose original name was "Flavian Amphitheatre", founded by King Vespasian and completed by his son Titus.The name of the Colosseum as the above is taken from the name of a statue as high as 130 feet or 40 m, Colossus.
Regarding the year of manufacture until now there are differences in beliefs. Some argue that the Colosseum was built in 79 BC, there is also an opinion that was made between the years 70-82 AD.
However, most archaeologists argue that the Colosseum was built in 70-82 AD Origin of the name Colosseum comes from a 130 foot tall statue or 40 m are called Colossus. Colosseum is set to accommodate 50,000 spectators.
Reconstruction of the King Colosseum began in 72 AD Vespasian and completed by his son Titus in 80 AD Colosseum established close to Nero's enermous palace, the Domus Aurea has awakened after a major fire in Rome in AD 64 Some historians believe that the construction of the Colosseum is financed by way of robbing the great temple in Jerusalem by the messengers of King Herod in 64 AD
A historian Dio Cassius says that there are about 9000 wild animals have been killed in 100 days as a celebration of the inauguration and opening of the Colosseum. Floor of the Colosseum arena was covered with sand to prevent blood from flowing blood everywhere.
Colosseum at the time was the venue for a spectacular show, a fight between animals (venetaiones), a fight between prisoners and animals, the execution of prisoners (noxii), water fights (naumachiae) by flooding the arena, and the fight between gladiators (munera) . For hundreds of years it is estimated that thousands of people and animals died in the Colosseum show.
Colossus statue remade as a replacement for Nero as the parable of the Sol, the sun god, by adding a solar crown. In the middle of the year, the statue of Colossus has disappeared. An expert said that since the statue was made of copper, the statue was melted for reuse.
Apart from the name of Colossus, the Colosseum is also referred to as the Flavian Amphitheatre is not known who gave the name. In Italy, the Colosseum was named il Colosseo but other Roman languages using the name Le Colisée and el Coliseo to mention the Colosseum.
Large Colosseum. With a height 48 m, length 188 m, 156 m wide and the entire building area of about 2.5 ha makes the Colosseum look so big and wide. The arena is made of wood measuring 86 mx 54 m, and covered by sand. Elliptical or spherical shape of the Colosseum point to prevent the players to escape to a corner and prevents the audience to be closer to the show.
Colosseum is a very great work. The place was said to be a great and spectacular stage due to the shape and structure of the Colosseum. Even now, the Colosseum is still regarded as a great and spectacular staging. Seating at the Colosseum is divided into different levels.
Podium, the first place to sit is devoted to the Roman senators. Dedicated space for the king, resting place, where storage assets are also on this level. Below is maeniaum primum podium, which is devoted to the Roman nobility. The third level is the primum maenianum subdivided into three parts. The bottom (immum) used for the rich, at the top again (the summum), used for the common people. And finally, in the wood (maenianum secundum in legneis) is where the wooden structure at the top of the building. It was a place to stand is used for the lowly women.
After 2 years Colosseum used as a venue, Vespasian ordered the youngest child to construct an underground area (Hypogeum), two levels of underground lines in the form of interconnected tunnels and cages where gladiators and animals were placed before the fight begins. There is also provided in the form of traps a trap door that is used to prevent the entry of such animals are not planned into the arena and to keep the weapons storage area inside the Colosseum.
The Colosseum was used until the year 217, although it has been damaged due to lightning fires. Colosseum has been improved in the years 238 and gladiatorial games continued until the Christians gradually stopped the game because too many casualties.
The building used to store various types of animals until the year 524. Two earthquakes in the years 442 and 508 cause damage to the building. In the Middle Ages, the Colosseum suffered severe damage caused by the earthquake again in 847 and 1349 and used as a fortress and a church was also established there.
Many marble stones are used to coat and rebuild parts of the Colosseum has been damaged by fire. In the 16th and 17th centuries, Roman families using the Colosseum as a place of extraction of marble stone for building construction St. Peter's Basilica and the special residence of palazzi, Roman family.
In 1749, there is a form of maintenance of the Colosseum. Pope Benedict XIVmelarang to use the Colosseum as it is extracted. In 2000 there was an outcry in Italy in order to oppose the use of the death penalty for countries around the world (in Italy, the death penalty was abolished in 1948).
Some demonstrators take place in front of the Colosseum. Since then, as a gesture against the legal capital, the local residents to change the color of the Colosseum in the evening from white to gold with a candle lighting and neon lights up the whole world at the moment where the action executions were abolished.
